agricultural development Tag

LOS BAÑOS, Laguna, Philippines — 25 staff from the regional centers of the Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Training Institute (DA-ATI) successfully completed the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Training Course held on 4–8 May 2026 at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in Los Baños, Laguna. 

The five-day course strengthened participants’ knowledge and practical skills in ecological, climate-smart, and sustainable pest management strategies for rice-based systems. 

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is widely recognized as an economically and ecologically sound approach that helps farmers improve productivity while minimizing harmful effects on human health and the environment. Through this training, led by Dr. Nurmi Pangesti, Scientist II – Entomology and Country Representative –Cambodia, participants were introduced to recent paradigm shifts in rice pest management, updates in pest management technologies, and strategies for designing localized IPM learning action plans. 

Unlike traditional classroom-based training, the course emphasized experiential learning through field-based and participatory activities. Participants engaged in lectures, laboratory sessions, hands-on fieldwork, bus stop practical exercises, and community immersion activities that allowed them to directly observe and identify live insect pests, diseased rice plants, weeds, and other field concerns. 

Throughout the training, participants learned from IRRI scientists, researchers, and partner experts from different DA agencies specializing in entomology, plant pathology, weed science, digital agriculture, geospatial science, agronomy, and innovation systems. 

Key modules covered during the course included: 

• Introduction to IPM ecology, concepts, and principles  

• Identification and management of rice insect pests, diseases, and weeds  

• Management of rodents, golden apple snails, and birds  

• Digital agriculture and precision farming tools  

• Pest Risk Identification and Management (PRIME)  

• Farmer Field School and participatory techno-demonstration design  

• Participatory Community Appraisal (PCA) and learning action planning  

A highlight of the course was the field visit to Sta. Cruz, Laguna, where participants interviewed farmers, and conducted participatory appraisal activities to better understand on-the-ground pest management challenges and farmer decision-making. 

Participants also took part in practical “bus stop” exercises—interactive stations featuring real pest specimens, disease symptoms, and weed samples—which tested and strengthened their diagnostic and identification skills. 

One participant shared: 

“I really appreciate the hands-on activities included in this training. I can now confidently identify insect pests and diseases which I had only seen in pictures before.” 

Another participant reflected on the value of the training for extension work: 

“The training was very intensive and very helpful. Through this five-day training, I was able to properly identify natural enemies and insect pests, diseases based on lesions and symptoms, and became more familiar with weeds in rice fields. Truly, this training enhanced my skills.” 

Participants likewise highlighted the relevance of the course to their work in agricultural extension. 

“It was informative and relevant to rice production and extension work. The combination of lectures, discussions, field activities, and hands-on exercises strengthened both understanding and practical skills.” 

Representing various ATI Regional Training Centers across the Philippines, participants included rice coordinators, agriculturists, development management officers, training specialists, technical support staff, and program focal persons who directly support farmers and agricultural communities nationwide. 

By the end of the training, participants developed context-specific Learning Action Plan including the different tools discussed in the course; Farmer Field School session plans, techno-demonstration concepts, and Participatory Community Appraisal tools that they can implement in their respective regions. 

From identifying pests in the field to co-creating solutions with farmers, the training demonstrated that effective pest management goes beyond theory—it requires action, collaboration, and continuous learning. As participants return to their respective regions, they carry with them the knowledge, tools, and confidence to champion Integrated Pest Management and support Filipino farmers in protecting their crops, livelihoods, and communities.  

Interested in similar training opportunities? Visit education.irri.org to learn more or email us at irri-education@cgiar.org.

Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines — The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), through IRRI Education, successfully concluded the second implementation of the Training Workshop on Self-sufficiency, Food Security and Agricultural Transformation, held from 6–9 July 2026 at the MS Swaminathan Building, IRRI Headquarters in Los Baños, Laguna. 

Building on the success of its inaugural offering in 2024, the four-day workshop brought together 15 researchers, policymakers, graduate students, agricultural professionals, and IRRI staff and scholars from Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Tanzania, Vietnam, Zimbabwe, and the Philippines. Participants represented national agricultural research institutions, universities, CGIAR centers, and government agencies, creating a diverse learning environment for exchanging experiences on food systems and agricultural development. 

The training aimed to deepen participants’ understanding of the relationships between food security, food self-sufficiency, agricultural transformation, and food trade policies, while equipping them with practical frameworks for analyzing how these concepts influence national development and nutrition outcomes. 

Understanding Food Systems Through Policy and Practice 

Throughout the workshop, participants explored the concepts of agrifood systems transformation, self-sufficiency, food security, agricultural policy, and international food trade through expert-led lectures and interactive discussions. 

Sessions were facilitated by renowned agricultural economists and food policy experts, including Dr. David Dawe, an independent economist specializing in food policy analysis, and Dr. Valerien Pede, Head of IRRI’s Transformative Policies and Investments Unit. Additional lectures from international experts provided participants with broader perspectives on nutrition security, agricultural innovation, and the evolving role of agriculture in sustainable development. 

The program also featured educational visits to several of IRRI’s research facilities, including the Grain Quality and Nutrition Laboratory, Plant Growth Facility, Speed Breeding Facility, and the International Genebank. These visits allowed participants to observe firsthand how research and innovation contribute to improving food systems and supporting global food security. Participants also visited Heager’s Hut and Villa Escudero to gain practical insights into agricultural innovation, enterprise, and the broader social and cultural dimensions of agricultural transformation. 

Learning Beyond the Linear: Collaboration Across Diverse Contexts 

One of the defining features of this year’s workshop was its strong emphasis on collaborative learning. 

Beyond lectures, participants actively engaged in breakout sessions, country exercises, and group presentations where they examined food security and self-sufficiency challenges in the situation of their own countries. Working alongside peers from different regions allowed participants to compare experiences, discuss policy approaches, and collectively develop recommendations grounded in diverse national contexts. 

Rather than learning solely from the resource persons, participants also learned from one another by sharing the realities, opportunities, and challenges faced in their respective countries. The exchange of perspectives enriched discussions and encouraged participants to think beyond local contexts toward regional and global solutions for food systems transformation. 

Participants recognized the value of this collaborative approach. One said that: 

“This training is very rich in knowledge exchange from various participants sharing the information and status of their country.” 

Another participant reflected on how the workshop strengthened their understanding of the interconnected nature of food systems. 

“The course has helped me to make linkages among diverse indicators, production, agriculture share of GDP, employment, self-sufficiency, affordability of a healthy diet, diet quality and nutrition outcomes.” 

Several participants also highlighted how the course broadened their perspectives on agricultural research and policy. 

“This workshop has transformed the way I approach agricultural research. Beyond developing improved crop varieties, I now appreciate the importance of linking research outcomes with national indicators such as poverty, malnutrition, obesity, healthy diet affordability, and agriculture’s contribution to GDP.”

Strengthening Global Capacity for Food Systems Transformation 

The workshop concluded with participant group presentations, reflections, testimonials, and the awarding of certificates, highlighting four days of intensive learning and international collaboration. 

By bringing together participants from across Africa and Asia, the second Training Workshop on Self-sufficiency, Food Security and Agricultural Transformation provided a platform for exchanging knowledge, fostering international collaboration, and strengthening capacities to address increasingly complex food systems challenges. 

Through expert instruction, experiential learning, and meaningful peer-to-peer engagement, IRRI Education continues to equip agricultural professionals with the knowledge and networks needed to contribute to more resilient, inclusive, and sustainable agrifood systems worldwide.

Interested in similar training opportunities? Visit education.irri.org to learn more or email us at irri-education@cgiar.org.

Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines — The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), through IRRI Education, successfully concluded the Training Course on Rice Root Phenotyping held from 20–24 April 2026 at the MS Swaminathan Building, IRRI Headquarters in Los Baños, Laguna. 

The five-day course brought together nine graduate students, researchers, and academic professionals from the Philippines, Taiwan, Kenya, Tanzania, and the United Kingdom. Participants represented diverse fields including agronomy, crop physiology, plant pathology, genetics, biology, horticulture, and plant breeding. 

The training aimed to strengthen participants’ technical competencies in rice root phenotyping through lectures, demonstrations, and immersive field and laboratory sessions focused on standardized methods for studying rice roots. 

Building Knowledge on Rice Root Research

The course opened with welcome remarks from Dr. Anilyn Maningas, Head of IRRI Education, followed by an opening message from the resource persons, Dr. Amelia Henry of CIRAD – French Agricultural Research Centre for International Development and Dr. Juan de la Cruz Jiménez Serna from the University of Copenhagen. 

Throughout the week, participants learned how to characterize soil-grown rice roots from both field and greenhouse experiments, apply sampling and analytical techniques for assessing root traits, and interpret root phenotyping data to support rice breeding and crop improvement efforts. 

Lecture sessions covered rice root research and its role in developing stress-tolerant rice varieties, as well as physiological adaptations of rice under flooded conditions. 

On the third day, Dr. Juan de la Cruz Jiménez Serna from the University of Copenhagen facilitated lectures and practical sessions on rice adaptations to flooded soils, root respiration, root porosity, apoplastic barriers, and radial oxygen loss. 

Learning Beyond the Classroom 

A key highlight of the training was its highly practical and hands-on design. 

Rather than limiting learning to classroom discussions, participants conducted activities in rice fields, greenhouses, and laboratories. These included soil coring, crown root sampling, root washing, root scanning, crown root counting, greenhouse lysimeter setup, hydraulic conductance measurements, root sectioning, anatomical analysis, and root hair scoring. 

Field activities were conducted at Field D24, where participants experienced firsthand the technical demands of root phenotyping under actual field conditions. 

Participants expressed appreciation for the strong emphasis on experiential learning. 

“This course is one of the best courses I registered [for]. More on hands-on practice than just PowerPoint presentations.” 

Another participant reflected on the intensity and memorable nature of the activities, sharing: 

“It’s definitely an experience that is unforgettable, the skills, the people and the heat.” 

Several participants also noted a deeper appreciation for the work involved in root research after observing IRRI staff and technicians in action. 

“Root washing is the biggest impression on me. The way IRRI technician has collected the sample is so cautious. I have improvement to do in my own research techniques and sample collecting.” 

One participant added: 

“I have a lot more understanding and respect for all the IRRI staff who prepared the seeds and samples for us after seeing the staff and the facilities in person.” 

Mini Symposium and Advanced Techniques Workshop 

On the fourth and fifth days of the training, participants attended a mini symposium and advanced techniques workshop that expanded their exposure to emerging research and innovations in rice root science. 

The sessions featured presentations and discussions on climate resilience, rice stress physiology, crop improvement, plant genomics, and root adaptations under different environmental conditions. Through these knowledge-sharing sessions, participants gained broader insights into how root traits contribute to stress tolerance, productivity, and sustainability in rice systems. 

In addition to research presentations, participants were introduced to advanced analytical and imaging techniques used in root studies, including specialized methods for root visualization, anatomical analysis, and gene expression investigations. 

These sessions complemented the practical training by allowing participants to connect the field and laboratory methods they learned during the course with current scientific advancements and ongoing research applications. 

One participant highlighted the value of this broader learning experience, sharing: 

“The course on rice root phenotyping was very informative and practical. It improved my understanding of root traits, phenotyping methods, and their application in crop improvement. The hands-on sessions and expert guidance were especially valuable. I now feel more confident to apply these skills in my research.” 

Another participant noted that the symposium and workshop provided useful perspectives for future work: 

“I have really learned many new things in this training. Everything was new to me but resource persons have made it very easy and understandable. I will be able to utilize this knowledge in my future research.” 

The mini symposium and workshop served as valuable platforms for participants to engage with current research directions, emerging technologies, and interdisciplinary approaches shaping the future of rice science. 

Advancing Global Capacity in Rice Research 

Through the Training Course on Rice Root Phenotyping, IRRI continues to strengthen global research capacity by equipping scientists and researchers with practical skills and advanced knowledge in rice root science. 

By combining classroom instruction with fieldwork, laboratory training, expert mentorship, and cultural immersion, the course provided participants with a comprehensive learning experience that supports future innovations in rice breeding, crop resilience, and sustainable agriculture. 

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Interested in similar training opportunities? Visit education.irri.org to learn more or email us at irri-education@cgiar.org.

LOS BAÑOS, Philippines — The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), through IRRI Education, trained 19 participants from the Department of Agriculture – Bureau of Agricultural Research (DA-BAR), Department of Agriculture – Bureau of Plant Industry (DA-BPI), and Department of Agriculture -Bureau of Animal Industry (DA-BAI) on advancing innovation scaling strategies during a three-day course held on 21–23 April 2026 at the IRRI Headquarters, Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines. The training aimed to strengthen capacities in designing, implementing, and assessing scaling efforts to ensure agricultural innovations reach more farmers and generate lasting impact. 

At the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), the challenge is not only to develop innovations—but to ensure these innovations reach farmers, create impact, and change the system that hinders the improvement of the quality of living of the farmers. 

This was the driving focus of the Project UPSKILL training course on the “Introduction to Frameworks, Approaches, and Tools to Support the Co-Design and Implementation of Scaling Efforts” which was co-supported by the CGIAR Scaling for Impact Science Program. This is the second batch of this training series. 

Bridging the Gap Between Research and Real-World Impact 

In the Philippines, where agriculture remains central to livelihoods in rural areas, the gap between research outputs and farmer adoption can mean the difference between promising solutions and missed opportunities. 

In the opening program, Mr. Joell H. Lales, OIC Director of the Department of Agriculture – Bureau of Agricultural Research, grounded the training in the realities of Philippine agricultural development, emphasizing the need to move beyond generating research outputs toward ensuring that innovations are actually adopted, sustained, and beneficial to farmers and other end users. His message underscored a persistent challenge in the sector: promising technologies often remain underutilized when scaling pathways are not intentionally designed. 

Setting the stage for the three-day training, Dr. Madonna Casimero, lead of Project UPSKILL, provided participants with a course overview, highlighting the importance of building capacities not only in innovation development, but also in strategic scaling. Before diving into tools and approaches, Dr. Rica Joy Flor clarified a critical misconception where scaling is often solely about reaching greater numbers of end users. Instead, she unpacked the idea of systemic transformation through the interconnected concepts of Scaling Out, Scaling Up, and Scaling Deep. Through this, participants understand that effective scaling involves systems transformation, policy and institutional alignment, and shifts in behaviors, mindsets, and practices. Participants further explored how scaling can be made more deliberate and strategic, through key approaches such as Participatory Impact Pathway Analysis (PIPA), Innovation Systems Analysis, and Innovation Packaging and Scaling Readiness (IPSR). This enabled them to rethink how innovations can move from pilot initiatives to co-designed scaling strategies and more deliberate and strategic scaling. 

To translate concepts into action, Mr. Benedict Jardinero facilitated the exercise on developing scaling ambition statements, guiding participants in defining clear long-term impact goals for selected innovations. Meanwhile, Ms. Rowena Castillo and Ms. Abigail Elmido-Mabilangan deepened participants’ understanding of innovation packaging and scaling readiness, equipping them with practical frameworks for identifying bottlenecks, assessing enabling conditions, and strengthening pathways for scaling agricultural innovations. 

One participant reflected on how their organization already works with technological readiness evaluations, but IPSR helps to examine both innovation readiness and innovation use: 

“The IPSR [Innovation packages and Scaling Readiness] training was highly practical and insightful, especially in shifting the focus from technology readiness to scaling readiness… addressing the gap between research outputs and utilization.” 

Beyond the Linear Transfer of Knowledge: Co-Designing for Scaling 

Far from being purely theoretical, the training emphasized hands-on, collaborative learning. Shifting from traditional training formats where knowledge flows in one direction—from speaker to participant—this course intentionally shifted the learning dynamic toward peer-to-peer exchange and co-creation. In addition, participants worked in groups to analyze real innovations, identify bottlenecks, and co-design scaling strategies tailored to Philippine agricultural systems. 

Participants were not only learners but also facilitators of the process, taking turns leading key exercises. In the Participatory Impact Pathway Analysis (PIPA) sessions, one group facilitated stakeholder mapping while another engaged as participants, before switching roles to guide causal chain development. A similar structure was applied in the Innovation Packaging and Scaling Readiness (IPSR) sessions, where groups alternated in facilitating discussions on bottlenecks, solutions, and scaling readiness. They mapped stakeholders, traced impact pathways, and assessed readiness—experiencing firsthand the complexity of scaling in real-world contexts. 

This approach transformed the training into a shared learning space, where participants learned not just from resource persons, but from each other’s experiences, perspectives, and institutional contexts. It also strengthened facilitation skills—an essential competency for scaling efforts that require multi-stakeholder engagement. 

For many, this practical approach revealed why some innovations fail to take off: 

“It highlights the gaps why some of our innovations were stuck and it helps to identify solutions to that… ensuring that innovations are used by our target users.” 

Rethinking Success: From Outputs to Outcomes 

A key insight that emerged from the training was the need to move beyond traditional measures of success. Rather than focusing solely on outputs, participants were challenged to think in terms of long-term impact and sustained adoption. 

As one participant strongly emphasized: 

“We need to move away from shelved outputs but actually generate something useful for our farmers.” 

This realization underscores a broader shift in Philippine agricultural development—toward more intentional, demand-driven, and impact-oriented Research for Development (R4D). 

Building Capacity for Lasting Change 

The training not only strengthened technical knowledge but also built confidence among participants to apply scaling frameworks in their respective programs. With representation from various units of DA-BAR, the learning is expected to ripple outward—informing planning, evaluation, and implementation of agricultural initiatives nationwide. 

Participants described the course as engaging, practical, and directly relevant to their work, highlighting the value of interactive exercises and peer learning. 

From Learning to Action: A Commitment to Scale 

As the Philippines continues to navigate challenges in food security, climate resilience, and rural development, the ability to scale innovations effectively becomes increasingly critical. 

To ensure that learning translates into action, participants from different DA agencies and units within DA-BAR developed individual Learning Action Plans at the end of the course. These plans outline how they intend to apply scaling frameworks and tools in their respective roles and programs—and are to be reviewed and signed by their supervisors, reinforcing accountability and institutional support. 

Through this commitment, the training goes beyond knowledge transfer, serving as a catalyst for real change in how innovations are designed, assessed, and scaled. 

Because ultimately, scaling is not just about reaching more people—it is about improving lives, strengthening systems, and delivering impact where it matters most—especially for Filipino farmers. 

Interested in similar training opportunities? Visit education.irri.org to learn more or email us at irri-education@cgiar.org.

Hyderabad, India — The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), in partnership with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research–Indian Institute of Rice Research (ICAR-IIRR), launched a five-day national training course on genomic predictions and data-driven crop breeding on 24–28 November 2025 in Hyderabad. 

The training brings together 37 plant breeders, geneticists, research scholars, and early-career scientists from across the country to strengthen their skills in modern genomic tools essential for rice improvement. The program combines lectures and hands-on sessions covering quantitative genetics, statistical genomics, predictive modeling, and genomic selection. Participants are working with actual breeding datasets to learn R programming, mixed models, relationship matrices, G × E interaction analysis, and genomic prediction methodologies. 

During the opening ceremony, ICAR-IIRR Director Dr. Raman Meenakshi Sundaram emphasized the importance of genomic innovations in building resilient and productive cropping systems. He highlighted the need for open-access data, collaborative research, and continuous capacity development to advance national food security objectives. 

The course is led by IRRI Rice Breeding Innovation (RBI) scientists Dr. Waseem Hussain, Dr. Mahender Anumalla, and Ms. Margaret Ciar, who are guiding participants in applying genomic selection and predictive breeding tools in real-world breeding pipelines. 

IRRI Senior Scientist and Regional Breeding Lead–South Asia Dr. Vikas Kumar Singh said the training reinforces the critical role of integrating genomic information with data-driven decision-making. He noted that the program equips India’s next generation of breeders to fast-track varietal development and supports IRRI’s ongoing commitment to strengthening national breeding capacity. 

This year’s edition builds on earlier runs of the course first launched at IRRI Headquarters in the Philippines in 2024 and replicated at ICAR-IIRR the same year. The program has since attracted participants from Asia and Africa and is regarded as one of IRRI’s most impactful capacity development initiatives. 

Participants are expected to apply genomic prediction, data-driven breeding, and optimized crossing strategies in their institutional programs following the training, contributing to India’s efforts to advance agricultural innovation and sustainability. 

Interested in similar training opportunities? Visit education.irri.org to learn more or email us at irri-education@cgiar.org.

Varanasi, India — The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) launched a five-day national training program on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in rice-based systems at its South Asia Regional Centre (ISARC) in Varanasi on 17–21 November 2025. The program aims to strengthen national capacity in accurately measuring methane emissions and identifying climate-smart mitigation strategies for rice cultivation.

Rice fields in South and Southeast Asia account for more than half of total national methane emissions, making precise monitoring essential for achieving climate targets. The training, “Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Rice Systems: Procedures and Measurement Standards,” equips participants with practical skills in field gas sampling, laboratory analysis, data evaluation, and emission calculations. 

The course covers key learning areas including climate change impacts on rice production, mechanisms of GHG emissions in rice systems, IPCC-aligned inventory methods, alternate wetting and drying (AWD) mitigation practices, field setup and sampling protocols, laboratory analysis procedures, and country-specific case studies. Hands-on sessions guide participants through step-by-step measurement and reporting processes based on IRRI’s established research methodologies. 

Participants represent a broad mix of public and private institutions, non-governmental organizations, and NARES partners. Institutions include the Indian Institute of Rice Research (IIRR), Kerala Agricultural University, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Punjab Agricultural University, Rallis India Limited, Eco Agripreneurs Pvt. Ltd., The Nature Conservancy, and RestoreEarth Solutions. 

The training opened on 17 November with remarks from Dr. Anilyn D. Mannings, Head of IRRI Education, who welcomed participants, and Dr. Anthony Fulford, Soil Scientist, who addressed attendees on behalf of ISARC. Dr. Ando Radanielson, Senior Scientist and Environment and Climate Change Specialist, presented the course framework. 

ISARC Director Dr. Sudhanshu Singh underscored the significance of evidence-based strategies for reducing GHG emissions in rice systems. “South Asia must lead with scientific approaches that reduce emissions while maintaining productivity. This program is a timely and impactful initiative in that direction,” he said. 

IRRI Research Director Dr. Virendra Kumar, who inaugurated the program, emphasized the importance of building a collaborative community of scientists, researchers, and policymakers capable of accelerating climate action through rice-based systems. 

Dr. Pratap Bhattacharya, Head of the Crop Production Division, ICAR–Central Rice Research Institute, highlighted the global importance of accurate GHG monitoring. “Scientific precision in GHG measurements is essential for shaping effective agricultural policies and mitigation strategies, not only for India but worldwide,” he stated. 

Throughout the week, participants engaged in field demonstrations, laboratory work, and data interpretation exercises designed to strengthen their capacity to support national climate goals. The program reinforces IRRI and ISARC’s commitment to advancing climate-smart agriculture through rigorous research, accurate measurement, and strong institutional partnerships. 

Interested in similar training opportunities? Visit education.irri.org to learn more or email us at irri-education@cgiar.org.

I grew up in a farming community where agriculture shaped everyday life. The persistence of my family, most of whom were farmers, guided my academic path. Observing how climatic variability strained their efforts led me to agricultural sciences, particularly crop improvement and agronomy. From early on, I understood that rigorous science can transform traditional practices into sustainable, productive systems that protect livelihoods.

I currently serve as a Tutorial Assistant in Agricultural Botany. This role has deepened my commitment to research drought tolerance in rice because it addresses a central constraint to productivity and a central risk to household income in Africa’s rainfed and irrigated landscapes. My research interest is developing and delivering climate-resilient germplasm and agronomic packages that maintain yield even with scarce water supply, while remaining feasible for smallholders. The approach combines phenotyping for drought tolerance, geospatial targeting for variety placement, and seed system strengthening so that improved options reach both women and men equitably (International Rice Research Institute [IRRI], 2024).

This focus directly supports the Climate-resilient and Eco-friendly Rice for Africa initiative. The project advances resilient and eco-efficient rice systems through evidence-based technologies. My contribution is to connect trait discovery and on-farm validation with delivery science. In practice, this includes co-designing on-farm trials for drought-tolerant lines, linking seasonal advisories to variety of choice and planting windows, and collaborating with local multipliers so that quality seed flows efficiently to priority environments. These steps are consistent with current IRRI efforts that couple stress-tolerant rice with climate-risk mapping and targeted dissemination in Tanzania (IRRI, 2024).

The importance of this problem is evident in my national and local context. Tanzania is among Sub-Saharan Africa’s larger rice producers, with milled output reported at about 2.45 million metric tons in 2023/24 and 2.52 million metric tons projected for 2024/25. Harvested area is approximately 1.10 to 1.13 million hectares and average yields about 3.33 to 3.39 tons per hectare on a rough basis (U.S. Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service [USDA-FAS], 2025). Despite this scale, production is highly exposed to water risk. Only about 289,386 hectares were irrigated in 2019/20, which represented roughly 2.3 percent of the total planted area nationally (National Bureau of Statistics [NBS] & Office of the Chief Government Statistician [OCGS], 2021). Sector strategies note that more than 70 percent of Tanzania’s rice area is rainfed, which concentrates vulnerability to rainfall variability and dry spells (Ministry of Agriculture, 2021). Over the past three decades, the country has experienced at least six major droughts, underscoring the systemic nature of water shortages (World Bank/CIWA, 2021). These constraints periodically require market management; for example, the Government of Tanzania issued about 150,000 metric tons of rice import quotas in 2024 to stabilize supply (USDA-FAS, 2025). This means that without innovations in climate-resilient rice, food insecurity and economic vulnerability will continue to rise. Addressing this challenge through science-based solutions is, therefore, both a national priority and a personal calling.

Drought-tolerant rice varieties reduce the need for intensive irrigation by lowering pressure on water resources while maintaining productivity. This adaptation strategy directly improves farmers’ capacity to withstand climate shocks. Moreover, eco-friendly practices associated with such varieties as reduced fertilizer use and sustainable water management can help minimize greenhouse gas emissions, thereby contributing to mitigation efforts. Recent syntheses report substantial water savings and notable reductions in methane emissions when Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) is correctly implemented and monitored, often without compromising yield (Gao et al., 2024; Li et al., 2024).

As a member of this project, I expect to sharpen my skills in plant breeding, molecular biology, and eco-friendly agronomic practices, while also learning from interdisciplinary collaboration across countries and contexts. I hope to contribute not only through scientific research but also by bridging knowledge between the laboratory and farming communities. My vision is to emerge from this experience as a researcher equipped to lead innovation for climate-resilient agriculture, ensuring that smallholder farmers especially women are not left behind in the fight against climate change.

In conclusion, my academic interest in African rice drought tolerance, combined with my professional background and personal motivation, strongly aligns with the goals of the project. By addressing a pressing local and continental challenge, promoting gender equity, and advancing climate-smart innovations, I am committed to contributing meaningfully to the success of this project.

I grew up in a small district called Maswa, situated in the northern part of Tanzania, south-east of Lake Victoria. I was raised by my mother. She was a nurse but also a smallholder farmer. She cultivated rice and maize at our farm located around our home. Just like other smallholder farmers, my mother faced many challenges, such as unpredictable weather patterns, use of old, traditional varieties, limited access to inputs, and poor local soil knowledge. Growing up with my mother exposed me to the most traditional ways of cultivating rice and the challenges they faced. The whole experience basically drove my desire to one day become an agricultural researcher; hence, I chose to pursue a BSc in Agronomy.

I got employed as a Junior Agronomist at a coffee producing company called Ngila Estate Ltd., situated in Tanzania’s Karatu district. I worked under the principles of climate-smart agriculture and was presented with a certification by the Rainforest Alliance. I also worked in the Department of Pest Scouting and Control. As an agronomist, I practically performed soil sampling for pH and nutrient analysis and recommended the best ways to solve pH and nutrient imbalances. I did research based on the effectiveness of biochar as a soil amendment and the effectiveness of local lime sulphur on treating leaf rust and coffee berry disease.

As a Climate-resilient and Eco-friendly Rice for Africa (CERA) Master’s student, my study area is focused on climate adaptation objectives using agronomic technologies. It addresses the urgent challenge of sustaining rice production in drought-prone areas.

Rice is the second most important commercial and food crop in Tanzania after maize. More than 18% of households rely on rice as a staple, and the sector provides livelihoods for over 2 million smallholder farmers (URT, 2020). Tanzania is the second largest producer of rice in Southern Africa after Madagascar, with a production level of 818,000 tons (JICA 2007). However, Tanzanian rice productivity is lower than most of its neighboring countries and one of the weakest in the world (European Union, 2010). About 71% of the rice in Tanzania is produced under rainfed conditions, while irrigated land accounts for 29% of the total, with most of it in small village-level traditional irrigations, making it highly vulnerable to drought and erratic rainfall. Studies indicate drought stress can reduce yields by 40–60%, particularly in semi-arid regions such as Shinyanga, Dodoma, and Morogoro (AfricaRice, 2021). Paddy rice cultivation is one of the most important sources of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), mainly nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), and carbon dioxide (CO2) (IPCC 2014; Arunrat et al., 2018), and is the major driving force for climate change (Smith et al., 2014).

This makes the problem statement highly significant in the national context. Thus by promoting various agronomic strategies like water management practices, particularly promoting intermittent drainage and alternate wetting and drying (AWD) (Minamikawa and Yagi, 2009), system of rice intensification (SRI) (Gathorne et al., 2013), improving organic management by composting, using rice cultivars with few unproductive tillers, high root oxidative activity, and high harvest index (Zheng et al., 2014), application of fermented manure like biogas slurry (Petersen, 2018), incorporation of biochar and adopting direct-seeding of rice (DSR) (Susilawati et al., 2019) will contribute to closing Tanzania’s rice yield gap, improving resilience in smallholder systems, mitigating GHGs and supporting national strategies for climate adaptation and food self-sufficiency.

As a member of the project, I intend to contribute by addressing gender equity and climate change challenges. Women provide more than half of the labor in rice farming in Tanzania, yet they face barriers to resources and training. By ensuring their active involvement in agronomic research and farmer training and promoting labor-saving, climate-smart technologies, I aim to reduce gender gaps and empower women farmers economically and socially.

On climate change, my focus is on promoting adaptation strategies such as drought-tolerant varieties, water-saving irrigation methods, and soil fertility management to safeguard yields in drought-prone regions. I will also emphasize mitigation practices, including eco-friendly soil amendments, biochar, conservation tillage, and reduced reliance on synthetic fertilizers, which can lower greenhouse gas emissions. These contributions will help build inclusive, resilient, and sustainable rice systems that align with national food security and climate goals.

I expect to enhance my knowledge and skills in climate-smart and eco-friendly rice production, particularly in developing practical solutions for drought-prone areas. I look forward to contributing to scientific innovation through agronomic research and sharing findings that address yield gaps and strengthen resilience in rice systems. I also expect to promote gender equity by ensuring women farmers actively engage in training and decision-making, thereby supporting inclusive development.

Through this project, I hope to strengthen collaboration with researchers, policymakers, and farmers across Africa, expanding my professional network and exposure to diverse expertise. I also expect to gain experience in climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies, as well as in farmer capacity building. Ultimately, I aspire to align my contributions with Tanzania’s food security priorities and Africa’s broader climate-smart agriculture goals, ensuring sustainable and impactful outcomes.

I am truly grateful for the opportunity to be selected as part of the Climate-Resilient and Eco-Friendly Rice for Africa project. This scholarship is both an honor and a responsibility, and I am committed to contributing meaningfully toward its goals of food security, climate resilience, and gender equity. I look forward to learning, collaborating, and applying my skills to support sustainable rice systems in Tanzania and across Africa. My sincere thanks go to the project team and sponsors for this trust.

Growing up in Tanzania, pilau was always a dish of joy in my family, fragrant rice filled with spices and shared at gatherings. Every plate carried more than flavour; it carried the story of the farmers who work tirelessly in the fields. Over time, I became more aware of the fragility of their livelihoods. Droughts, unpredictable rainfall, and declining soil fertility often reduce their harvests. What concerned me most was the reality that these challenges do not affect everyone equally. Women, landless farmers, and other vulnerable groups are often excluded from resources and decision-making, making them more exposed to climate shocks. Witnessing these inequities shaped my research interest: exploring how fairness is addressed in drought adaptation strategies and how these strategies impact the most vulnerable rice farmers.

My academic path reflects this passion. I began with a degree in Actuarial Statistics, which allowed me to analyze complex data and understand patterns. I am now pursuing a master’s in project management and Evaluation, which equips me to design, monitor, and assess development projects. Together, these skills enable me to ask critical questions about adaptation: who benefits, who is left out, and how these choices shape the future of farming communities.

Rice is central to Tanzania’s food system and daily life. It is the second most important crop after maize and a staple for millions of households. In the 2022/23 season, farmers harvested over one million hectares of rice, producing about 2.4 million tons. Average yields were only 2.2 tons per hectare, although this varied from less than one tonne in some regions to more than four tons in the best performing areas (Discover Agriculture, 2025). There has been some progress. For example, under the TANRICE2 programme, yields rose by 40 percent in seven years, from 3.2 to 4.5 tons per hectare (The Citizen, 2020). Yet many farmers, especially those relying on rainfed systems, still use traditional varieties that yield only 1.5 to 2.5 tonnes per hectare and are highly vulnerable to drought (IRRI, 2024). When climate shocks strike, these households are left with little income, food insecurity, and fewer options to recover. The burden is not shared equally. A study in Mbarali District found that 78 percent of men participated in multiple rice production tasks compared to only 49 percent of women. A larger proportion of women were confined to low participation roles, while very few reached high participation levels (FAO, 2021). This shows how unequal access to land, credit, and decision-making limits women’s ability to benefit from rice farming, even though they are central to production.

As a CERA scholar, I aim to place equity at the heart of climate adaptation strategies. I will focus on making the barriers women face in accessing irrigation, drought-tolerant seeds, and climate information visible. Highlighting these disparities allows us to design strategies that enable women to participate fully and share fairly in the benefits of climate-smart rice farming. When women thrive, entire households and communities become more resilient. On climate change adaptation and mitigation, I study how different farmer groups adopt practices such as improved water management, soil conservation, and new rice varieties. I am interested in how these innovations are distributed, because leaving the most vulnerable behind weakens overall resilience. Many of these practices also contribute to mitigation by promoting resource efficient and environmentally friendly farming methods.

Being part of the CERA project is both a professional step and a personal commitment. I look forward to learning from the scientists at IRRI, working alongside fellow scholars, and engaging with rice farming communities to understand their lived experiences. I want to strengthen my ability to translate research into practical recommendations that can influence policy and practice. Most importantly, I hope to ensure that the benefits of climate-smart rice production reach those often excluded, especially women and marginalised groups.

I imagine a future where rice farming in Africa is resilient, fair, and environmentally sustainable. A future where farmers, regardless of gender or status, are equipped not just to survive climate shocks but to thrive. A future where every grain of rice, whether in pilau at a celebration or in a simple family meal, reflects resilience, fairness, and dignity. For me, being a CERA scholar is not simply about academic achievement. It is a pledge to champion equity, sustainability, and a better future for farmers in Tanzania and across Africa.

I was raised in Ruvuma, a region in southern Tanzania, where my mother has been cultivating maize on our family farm, located 22 km from our home. Like many women farmers in East Africa, she faced recurring challenges from unpredictable rainfall and limited access to reliable weather information. Most of the time, she relied on indigenous knowledge to decide when to plant a practice that, given today’s shifting climate patterns, often felt like a gamble. These uncertainties frequently result in low yields and unstable household income. Witnessing her navigate these struggles inspired me to pursue a career in agricultural research, with a strong focus on climate change adaptation and rural livelihoods.

Over the past two years, I have been privileged to contribute to regional projects such as Enhancing Climate Resilience in East Africa (ECREA) and Building Equitable Climate-Resilient African Bean and Insect Vectors (BRAINS). Both initiatives underscored the critical role of ensuring that women, youth, and persons with disabilities have timely access to weather and climate information. Through this work, I witnessed how empowering vulnerable groups with knowledge strengthens decision-making, improves resilience, and ensures that they benefit more equitably from agricultural innovations. These experiences taught me that while technologies and improved practices are essential, true transformation in African agriculture also requires addressing inequities that prevent women and youth from realizing their full potential.

As a Climate-smart and Eco-friendly Rice for Africa (CERA) PhD scholar, my study will focus on strengthening the resilience and inclusivity of rice farming systems in East Africa. Specifically, I am interested in understanding how inequities within the rice value chain, particularly those affecting gender groups (with special lens of women farmers), shape the adoption of climate-smart practices and influence household livelihood outcomes. This aligns closely with the CERA project’s vision of promoting climate-resilient, eco-friendly, and socially just rice systems in Africa.

Rice is central to food security in Tanzania and Kenya. In Tanzania, rice accounts for about 17–21% of total grain or cereal production and is cultivated by over one million households, making it central to both food security and income generation (Lyanga, 2025). Extreme climate events, including droughts and floods, significantly reduce rice yields in Tanzania like any other country in our region and globe at large. Studies show that such events can cause yield losses ranging from 25% to over 70% in severe cases, with some Tanzanian floodplain farmers reporting losses of 50–100% during extreme floods (Mwakyusa et al., 2023; Akpa, 2024). Tackling these challenges is more than about productivity; it is about reducing vulnerability and promoting equity along rice value chains. My work aligns with CERA’s goals by exploring climate-smart practices that build resilience while promoting sustainable, low-emission rice systems.

I will actively engage women-led households and youth groups in rice-farming communities, for co-developing participatory approaches that reflect their realities. This will not only strengthen inclusivity but also ensure that the isolated groups’ voices shape the design and adoption of adaptation strategies.

Under CERA’s climate change mitigation and adaptation goals, my research will analyze how different climate-smart rice practices perform under variable conditions, considering both costs and benefits along rice value chains. By generating evidence on which practices are most effective and feasible for smallholders, I hope to inform strategies that are value chain node specific that reduce climate risks while supporting the sustainability of actors regardless of their gender groups and other socioeconomic aspects.

The agriculture sector in Tanzania employs about 65% of the population, with rice also identified as a strategic crop for national and regional food security (Basungu, 2023). Yet gender groups like women farmers face systemic barriers: less than 20% of women own land, and fewer than 15% have access to formal credit (Awoke et al., 2025). At the same time, rice yields average just 2.2 tons per hectare, far below the potential of 6–7 tons under improved management (Kwesiga et al., 2020; Mboyerwa et al., 2022). Bridging these gaps requires not only technical innovations but also institutional reforms that ensure these gender groups, like women and youth, can actively participate and benefit in the face of climate-related risks.

In regions which experience extreme weather phenomenon such as Morogoro in Tanzania and Mwea in Kenya, the stakes are even higher. Farmers in these areas are already grappling with shorter and less predictable rainy seasons, sudden floods, and rising production costs. Without deliberate action, these challenges threaten not only household welfare but also national food security. Addressing them requires climate-smart and gender-responsive solutions that enable farmers, especially women, to adapt, build resilience, and sustain their livelihoods.

Finally, as an ambitious CERA scholar, receiving this scholarship is both a personal milestone and a responsibility. I look forward to engaging deeply with rice smallholder farmers, particularly different gender groups of weather-extreme regions areas of Tanzania and Kenya and learning from their lived experiences. In working with CERA’s diverse network of partners, I also see this as an opportunity to grow into a researcher and/or academician who can bridge science and community realities, by disseminating the contextualized research findings, hence making rice systems not only climate-resilient but also socially just and equitable.

Varanasi, 20 September 2025: The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), South Asia Regional Centre (ISARC), Varanasi, in collaboration with IRRI Education, has successfully concluded a four-day advanced training program from 17 September to 20 September 2025 on “Advanced Approaches to Soil Health Management in South Asia’s Rice-Based Cropping Systems.”

The program brought together participants from leading agricultural universities and ICAR institutes, including ICAR-IISS Bhopal, ICAR-IIFSR Modipuram, BHU-Varanasi, SHUATS Prayagraj, Punjab Agricultural University, and others. Renowned experts from BHU, ICAR-NBAIM, ICAR-IARI, IFDC, and ISARC contributed as resource persons.

Speaking at the inauguration, Dr. Sudhanshu Singh, Director of ISARC, remarked that soil is the foundation of our food systems. Through this program, IRRI is building regional expertise and preparing the next generation of professionals to safeguard soil health for sustainable food security.

Unlike routine training courses, this program was designed as an in-depth, blended learning experience that combined lectures, hands-on activities, field visits, and laboratory demonstrations. Key sessions included digital tools for soil and crop management, where ISARC soil scientists Dr. Anthony Fulford and Dr. Ajay Mishra led sessions on the Rice Crop Manager (RCM), a farmer-friendly decision-support tool designed to optimize nutrient use efficiency and enhance productivity in rice-based systems.

Participants also explored the scope of soil spectroscopy for rapid and cost-effective soil analysis, with demonstrations at ISARC’s advanced laboratory highlighting its potential to support farmers with timely and precise soil health information and offering scalable solutions for better nutrient management.

A session on soil health governance and policy, delivered by Dr. Yashpal Sahrawat, Director-Resilience and Environment at the International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC), USA, emphasized the importance of policy frameworks and governance mechanisms such as the Bharat Soil Health Policy, with a timeline of phased implementation by 2047. This session included discussions on institutional support for promoting sustainable soil health practices at both national and regional levels, and called for low-cost, incentivized soil health policy.

In addition to classroom sessions, participants engaged in exposure visits to progressive farmers’ fields in Varanasi, where they observed integrated soil and water management practices in real-world settings. They also worked with soil health kits and conducted lab-based analyses to strengthen their technical expertise.

By combining scientific insights, digital innovations, and policy perspectives, the training equipped soil scientists, agronomists, extension professionals, and faculty members with actionable knowledge and practical skills to advance climate-smart, farmer-centric soil health management strategies across South Asia.

Interested in similar training opportunities? Visit education.irri.org to learn more or email us at irri-education@cgiar.org.

Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines (11 July 2025) — Measurable impacts are essential in policy and program development to achieve transparency and accountability. Impact evaluation plays a crucial role in determining whether a particular intervention has made a difference.

This was the core focus of IRRI’s Workshop on Impact Evaluation and Causal Inference held from 8 to 11 July 2025 in IRRI’s Headquarters. This four-day training equipped participants with tools to assess the effectiveness of interventions. Impact evaluation focuses not only on outcomes but also on attribution, whether the observed changes in target key indicators can be confidently linked to the intervention itself. This approach helps guide decisions on which programs should be scaled, redesigned, or discontinued. The course addressed a key challenge faced by development professionals: how to generate credible evidence about what works, why it works, and at what cost.

In her opening remarks, Dr. Anilyn Maningas, Head of IRRI Education, underscored the training’s relevance across sectors. She noted that in a complex and resource-constrained environment, it is more critical than ever to understand what works and why. “This workshop aims to equip you with the tools and frameworks necessary to answer these pressing questions using rigorous evaluation methods and causal inference techniques,” she said.

This call for evidence-based action was echoed by Dr. Patrick S. Ward, Associate Professor at the University of Florida. He explained that decision-makers often face several competing policy options, and that selecting a course of action should be based not on ideology or anecdote, but on strong and credible evidence. Grounding policies in well-designed impact evaluations, he added, is essential to making informed and effective choices.

A key component of the training was the Theory of Change, a tool that helps map out how and why an intervention is expected to produce desired results. Participants learned how this framework can clarify assumptions, identify relevant indicators, and support the design of high-quality, policy-relevant evaluations.

Trainees were also introduced to designing, implementing, and analyzing randomized controlled trials, and quasi-experimental methods such as difference-in-differences (DiD), instrumental variables (IV), and regression discontinuity designs (RDD). These rigorous impact assessment methods help strengthen the credibility of evaluation findings by isolating causal effects.

Adding a practical lens, Dr. Gregmar Galinato, Professor at Washington State University, used case studies to demonstrate how to evaluate the suitability of various quasi-experimental methods.

Meanwhile, Prof. Suzette Pedroso Galinato, Associate Professor and Extension Specialist at Washington State University Extension, emphasized the importance of evaluating interventions from the standpoint of those most affected: the farmers. She shared, “Economics is like a ribbon that ties the project together. Because after all the field activities, data collection, and information dissemination, the main concern of the growers is how the intervention affects their farm environment.” Therefore, understanding the tangible impact of interventions is key to designing meaningful and responsive programs. Prof. Galinato also discussed how to determine whether the intervention introduced to the target beneficiaries is more cost-effective than other alternatives by conducting cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analyses.

The workshop serves as a timely and relevant initiative as IRRI introduced its 2025 to 2030 Strategy, which emphasizes measurable impact, evidence-informed action, and results that benefit farmers, communities, and food systems. Building on the success of this pilot run, the team plans to offer the course again next year to reach a broader group of professionals working to improve agricultural development outcomes.

Interested in similar training opportunities? Visit education.irri.org to learn more or email us at irri-education@cgiar.org.